Film Production
Scene 1- The Idea
The sources of inspiration is where the idea for the film comes from, inspirations may include a remake. After the sources of inspiration it is taken to the producer, who is the person who makes the great idea a reality. The producer will also be the one who gives the money to support the creating of the film. The director is the one who works with the producer to direct and create it a film. The writer begins to create a script and make the idea longer and more detailed and parts to be played. The writer will then create a treatment which is a description of the main story and all of the characters. A pitch contains all the information the producer needs in order to sell the idea to financiers to commission a script.
Scene 2 - Developing Finance
This is the step which turns the first idea into a final script and ready for production, this is where it starts to cost money. Pitching the project, this is where the producer uses the treatment and pitch, using their powers of persuasion to get money to develop a script. production companies, the producer approaches film companies for development money. Then theirs sales, distribution, broadcast, this is where the producer can offer their future sales and broadcast rights to the film in return for money to develop the script. Private finance, the producer may even consider taking their idea to private investors, in hope they will support their project.
Scene 3 - Script Development
This is when the finance has been received and they are nailing down to finish final script for producers and financiers. Synopsis, this is when the writer produces a synopsis and gives it to the producer who decides whether they are suitable key scenes and events in the film. Step outline, this is where they plan a brief outline to plan their script. Once the writer and producers are happy, the draft is sent to the financiers all of who will have their own ideas, this is called revisions. When everyone is happy the script is then locked off and becomes a final draft. Sales treatment. The final stage of the script development process is the creation of a sales treatment.
Scene 4 - Packaging
The script is now complete, the director and producer now decide on how they want to film it and who they employ to help them. The producer and director must now package the script into a full commercial proposition, ready for the financing. The cast, one common way to make the project more commercial is to attach well known stars to the script. The heads of the department (HODS) These are respected, commercially successful heads of department carry considerable clout with knowledgeable financiers. The detailed budget and production schedule, to turn the film into a proper business proposition, the producer must know how much it will actually cost to make. Finance plan and recoupment schedule, potential investors will want to know how the producer plans to raise the money and how she plans to pay them back. The complete package, the producers has packaged the film into a viable commercial proposition. Now its time to see what people think of it.
Scene 5 - Financing
The market, financiers can be anywhere in the world, to secure the investment she needs to make the film the producer must travel. The investment, private individuals, production companies and public bodies all invest in films, the producers lawyer draws up contracts to seal the deals. Pre-sales, the producer can also raise money from 'pre-sales' which are selling the rights to the film before it has even been made. Banks and cap funding, there are departments of banks that specialize in film and finance, they invest in commercial projects and also offer loans. Completion bonds, most financiers insist that a completion bond is in place they agree to invest. This is insurance for the production. GREEN LIGHT, once all the essential funding and insurance is secured the film gets the green light to produce and the producer gets drunk.
Scene 6 - Pre-Production
The kick off meeting, once all the heads of department are hired, the shooting script is circulated and pre-production begins in earnest. Casting, the casting director with the director and producer begins the long process of identifying and casting the actors. Story boarding, this is blueprinting for the film, where every shot is planned in advance by the director and the DOP. Production design, the production designer plans every aspect of how the film will look and hires people to design and build each part. Special effects planning, effects shots are planned in much more detail then normal shots and can take months to design and build. the production unit, the 1st AD, the line producer and the production manager make up the key logistic triangle of the production.
Scene 7 - The Shoot
A large film production can involve hundreds of people and it is a constant struggle to keep it on schedule and budget. 1st day of principal photography, this is the key moment in the film production, shooting begins, funding is released and the production breathes a huge sigh of relief. Camera, the camera department is responsible for getting all the footage that the director and editor need to tell the story. Lighting and sound, one the lighting and sound are set up and hair and make up have been checked the shot can begin. Acting, in the midist of all this commotion, the actors must create emotional world and draw the audience into it. Special physical effects, every special effect is carefully constructed and must be filmed with minimum risk of injury to cast and crew. Chain of command, film productions are run with military precision. If they fall behind schedule the financiers and insurers may step in.
Scene 8 - Post Production
As the processed footage comes in the editor assembles it into scenes and creates a narrative sequence of the film called a rough cut. Once the picture is locked, the sound department works on the audio track laying, creating and editing every sound. Digital effects are added by specialist effects compositors and titles and credits are added in a compositing suite. The final stage of the picture edit is to adjust the colour and establish the fine aesthetic of the film. After picture lock, the rough sound mix goes to a dubbing theatre where the sound mixer sets the finial levels. After the finial cut the film reaches full lock, it is now finished and ready for duplication.
Scene 9 - Sales
When selling the product to distributors the producer secures the services of a sales agent, a specialist in film sales. To help sell the film, a trailer is made to show busy film buyers the most marketable aspects of the film. The producer and the sales agent collect everything they will need to sell the film such as the trailer, sales pack and sales report. The market is a saturated with films, so the producer must go to great lengths to attract attention for the film. A high profile screening at one of the top film festivals can be great for creating the heat around the film. The producer now has a hot product and can negotiate good deals with distributors around the world.
Scene 10 - Marketing
Then the film goes to a marketing team who specialist in marketing the film to the public. Knowing the audience is essential; and the marketing team runs test screenings to see how the film is received. The potential audience for the film is targeted with posters, cinema trailers, TV spots and other marketing materials. Television, radio, newspapers and magazines can all help create positive word of mouth about the film. The internet can also help promote the film as it floods the world with information and also makes niche marketing possible. In order to get the film to audiences the distributor must negotiate a deal with the cinemas to screen it.
Scene 11 - Exhibition
A high profile, star studded premiere is used to launch the film to the public with and explosion of media coverage. The UK has more than 3,500 cinema screens and some are not British owned or show British films. Distributors supple the exhibitors with prints of the film, the more screens the film is shown on the more prints are needed. The box office performance is when the data of the film attendance is collected and then form that data they decide whether the film gets cancelled or prolonged. The exhibitors take their share of the box office receipts, after which the distributors recoup their marketing costs. Once the distributors have been paid the financiers can recover their investments as laid out in the recoupment schedule.
Scene 12 - Other Windows
Hospitality sales for hotel channels and inflight entertainment can bring millions in additional revenue. UK audiences spend more on DVDS than on cinema tickets so success on DVD can compensate for box office failure. Television is the final source of revenue, rights are sold separately for pay-tv showings and terrestrial broadcasts. Rights for computer games and other reproduces licenses can be extremely lucrative sources of additional revenue. Once the film has made a profit, the producer and key creative people can reap their rewards. The finial income from a film is never known. Distributors continue in perpetuity, and the film m
Scene 2 - Developing Finance
This is the step which turns the first idea into a final script and ready for production, this is where it starts to cost money. Pitching the project, this is where the producer uses the treatment and pitch, using their powers of persuasion to get money to develop a script. production companies, the producer approaches film companies for development money. Then theirs sales, distribution, broadcast, this is where the producer can offer their future sales and broadcast rights to the film in return for money to develop the script. Private finance, the producer may even consider taking their idea to private investors, in hope they will support their project.
Scene 3 - Script Development
This is when the finance has been received and they are nailing down to finish final script for producers and financiers. Synopsis, this is when the writer produces a synopsis and gives it to the producer who decides whether they are suitable key scenes and events in the film. Step outline, this is where they plan a brief outline to plan their script. Once the writer and producers are happy, the draft is sent to the financiers all of who will have their own ideas, this is called revisions. When everyone is happy the script is then locked off and becomes a final draft. Sales treatment. The final stage of the script development process is the creation of a sales treatment.
Scene 4 - Packaging
The script is now complete, the director and producer now decide on how they want to film it and who they employ to help them. The producer and director must now package the script into a full commercial proposition, ready for the financing. The cast, one common way to make the project more commercial is to attach well known stars to the script. The heads of the department (HODS) These are respected, commercially successful heads of department carry considerable clout with knowledgeable financiers. The detailed budget and production schedule, to turn the film into a proper business proposition, the producer must know how much it will actually cost to make. Finance plan and recoupment schedule, potential investors will want to know how the producer plans to raise the money and how she plans to pay them back. The complete package, the producers has packaged the film into a viable commercial proposition. Now its time to see what people think of it.
Scene 5 - Financing
The market, financiers can be anywhere in the world, to secure the investment she needs to make the film the producer must travel. The investment, private individuals, production companies and public bodies all invest in films, the producers lawyer draws up contracts to seal the deals. Pre-sales, the producer can also raise money from 'pre-sales' which are selling the rights to the film before it has even been made. Banks and cap funding, there are departments of banks that specialize in film and finance, they invest in commercial projects and also offer loans. Completion bonds, most financiers insist that a completion bond is in place they agree to invest. This is insurance for the production. GREEN LIGHT, once all the essential funding and insurance is secured the film gets the green light to produce and the producer gets drunk.
Scene 6 - Pre-Production
The kick off meeting, once all the heads of department are hired, the shooting script is circulated and pre-production begins in earnest. Casting, the casting director with the director and producer begins the long process of identifying and casting the actors. Story boarding, this is blueprinting for the film, where every shot is planned in advance by the director and the DOP. Production design, the production designer plans every aspect of how the film will look and hires people to design and build each part. Special effects planning, effects shots are planned in much more detail then normal shots and can take months to design and build. the production unit, the 1st AD, the line producer and the production manager make up the key logistic triangle of the production.
Scene 7 - The Shoot
A large film production can involve hundreds of people and it is a constant struggle to keep it on schedule and budget. 1st day of principal photography, this is the key moment in the film production, shooting begins, funding is released and the production breathes a huge sigh of relief. Camera, the camera department is responsible for getting all the footage that the director and editor need to tell the story. Lighting and sound, one the lighting and sound are set up and hair and make up have been checked the shot can begin. Acting, in the midist of all this commotion, the actors must create emotional world and draw the audience into it. Special physical effects, every special effect is carefully constructed and must be filmed with minimum risk of injury to cast and crew. Chain of command, film productions are run with military precision. If they fall behind schedule the financiers and insurers may step in.
Scene 8 - Post Production
As the processed footage comes in the editor assembles it into scenes and creates a narrative sequence of the film called a rough cut. Once the picture is locked, the sound department works on the audio track laying, creating and editing every sound. Digital effects are added by specialist effects compositors and titles and credits are added in a compositing suite. The final stage of the picture edit is to adjust the colour and establish the fine aesthetic of the film. After picture lock, the rough sound mix goes to a dubbing theatre where the sound mixer sets the finial levels. After the finial cut the film reaches full lock, it is now finished and ready for duplication.
Scene 9 - Sales
When selling the product to distributors the producer secures the services of a sales agent, a specialist in film sales. To help sell the film, a trailer is made to show busy film buyers the most marketable aspects of the film. The producer and the sales agent collect everything they will need to sell the film such as the trailer, sales pack and sales report. The market is a saturated with films, so the producer must go to great lengths to attract attention for the film. A high profile screening at one of the top film festivals can be great for creating the heat around the film. The producer now has a hot product and can negotiate good deals with distributors around the world.
Scene 10 - Marketing
Then the film goes to a marketing team who specialist in marketing the film to the public. Knowing the audience is essential; and the marketing team runs test screenings to see how the film is received. The potential audience for the film is targeted with posters, cinema trailers, TV spots and other marketing materials. Television, radio, newspapers and magazines can all help create positive word of mouth about the film. The internet can also help promote the film as it floods the world with information and also makes niche marketing possible. In order to get the film to audiences the distributor must negotiate a deal with the cinemas to screen it.
Scene 11 - Exhibition
A high profile, star studded premiere is used to launch the film to the public with and explosion of media coverage. The UK has more than 3,500 cinema screens and some are not British owned or show British films. Distributors supple the exhibitors with prints of the film, the more screens the film is shown on the more prints are needed. The box office performance is when the data of the film attendance is collected and then form that data they decide whether the film gets cancelled or prolonged. The exhibitors take their share of the box office receipts, after which the distributors recoup their marketing costs. Once the distributors have been paid the financiers can recover their investments as laid out in the recoupment schedule.
Scene 12 - Other Windows
Hospitality sales for hotel channels and inflight entertainment can bring millions in additional revenue. UK audiences spend more on DVDS than on cinema tickets so success on DVD can compensate for box office failure. Television is the final source of revenue, rights are sold separately for pay-tv showings and terrestrial broadcasts. Rights for computer games and other reproduces licenses can be extremely lucrative sources of additional revenue. Once the film has made a profit, the producer and key creative people can reap their rewards. The finial income from a film is never known. Distributors continue in perpetuity, and the film m
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